The organs covered in urology include the kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, and the testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, scrotum, and penis of the male reproductive system.
The scope of urology diagnosis and treatment includes: prostatitis; benign prostatic hyperplasia; prostate cancer; urinary tract infections (urethritis, mycoplasma, chlamydia, gonorrhea, non-gonococcal urethritis, etc.); urinary stones; kidney cancer, ureteral cancer, bladder cancer ; Urological diseases such as urinary incontinence. varicocele; hydrocele: testicular hydrocele, spermatic hydrocele, communicating hydrocele; female urology: urinary tract infection, caries urethra, urinary incontinence, overactive bladder, etc. .
Urology experts can treat "internal diseases" (meaning those who do not require surgical treatment), such as urinary tract infections; at the same time, they can also treat "surgical diseases", such as correction of congenital deformities, surgical treatment of cancer, etc. Only about 20% of patients treated with urology require surgery.
Urologists are also involved in the evaluation and treatment of urinary incontinence. Urodynamics is a series of instruments that measure changes in flow, storage, and pressure in the urinary system, and urologists often use uroflowgrams, bladder pressure maps, or portable urodynamics as a reference for treating patients. Treatment can include prescription drugs (eg, oxybutinin or various alpha-blockers), or surgery (eg, urethral suspension).